English Summaries of Major Articles

This document is a compilation of English summaries of major articles published in the 1990 JPRS report series. The content covers a diverse range of academic and political topics, primarily focusing on the Soviet Union, Asia, and the Middle East. The articles discuss state policies toward small businesses in Oriental countries, the challenges of non-capitalist development in Central Asian republics, and the socio-economic orientation of African nations. Additionally, the document includes historical analyses, such as the Soviet interpretation of the Truman Doctrine and its impact on Turkish-American relations, as well as studies on pre-Moslem Turkic religious concepts and the political theories of the medieval lawyer Abu-l-Hasan al-Mawardi. A section on the modeling of historical processes explores the rationality of history through the lens of various philosophers and historians. The compilation also features a round table discussion on the economic history of the East, which critiques Marxist dogmas and suggests new quantitative methods for historical research. Finally, the document includes a brief entry regarding the emergence of UFO-related interest in China during the 1980s, noting that Chinese enthusiasts have begun searching for 'historical evidences' of UFO existence in ancient sources, a trend that is being observed by Sinologists and experts in the history of science.