THE UFOS AS A MATERIAL PHENOMENON and THE LUMINOUS PROPERTIES OF UFOS

This document consists of two research articles by V.J. Ballester Olmos and J.A. Fernández Peris regarding UFO sightings in the Iberian Peninsula. The authors describe their systematic investigation of approximately 600 reports, focusing on the material nature of the phenomena and their luminous properties. The first section details specific landing incidents, such as the November 1980 sighting in San Martín de Tous, where a witness observed three cylindrical objects that left physical traces, including holes in the ground and dessicated vegetation. Another case from May 1974 in San Clemente involves an oval object with landing supports. The authors argue that these incidents demonstrate that UFOs are not merely 'energy' phenomena but possess physical, three-dimensional characteristics. The second section examines the luminous properties of UFOs, citing cases where witnesses were blinded by intense light. One notable incident occurred in May 1969 in Sumacárcel, where a witness observed a circular object emitting yellowish-white light. Another case from July 1975 at the Sierra Aitana radar installation involved three military personnel observing an oval object with red, white, and yellow lights. The authors note that despite attempts to track these objects on radar, they remained elusive. They conclude by advocating for a more scientific approach to UFO research, suggesting that the analysis of light emissions and the collection of physical evidence are essential for understanding the phenomenon. They emphasize that the study of UFOs should be treated with the same rigor as any other scientific discipline, moving away from speculation toward empirical data collection.