www.spacetech.global/uap Unidentified Aerial Phenomena Special Overview 2021 Case Study on Preliminary Assessment by The Office of The Director of US National Intelligence SpaceTech Analytics Table of content On June 25th Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) published a report called Preliminary Assessment: Unidentified Aerial Phenomena concerning the question of existence and the means of evaluation of the information related to the UAP (Undefined Aerial Phenomena). This Overview summarizes the report and provides Special Case Study on it. Besides, it expands the theme to a global scale and briefly retells the story of humanity to catch the UAP observed. Since 2004, there have been about 200 UAP cases reported worldwide. Also, there are new advanced technologies (SMART, CORE3D, IARPA) to monitor and discover UAP. However, the challenge is to coordinate international cooperation, develop standardized approaches and provide sufficient funds. In light of the techno-signatures received from outer space, potential challenges and threats regarding UAP are discussed As result, the brand new reality implies a need to define and elaborate on relevant policies and technologies. SpaceTech Analytics discusses the current and future developments and makes a few projections concerning the future social Introduction2 UAP Global Overview and Statistics3 Preliminary Assessment by Office of The Director of National Intelligence - Report US Report Overview and Conclusions 13 US Report Summary17 US Policy and Agencies 18 Investigational Programs21 Unidentified Aerial Phenomena / Persons31 International UAP Cases34 Tech and R&D 40 About SpaceTech Analytics46 About Deep Knowledge Group50 From year to year, interest in UAP is growing and gaining more weight. SpaceTech Analytics had analysed the UAP landscape over the period of last 15 years relying on credible publicly available sources. * - grouped by, but not limited to Introduction SpaceTech Analytics Publication of the report is going to cause increased attention to the UAP all over the world. Additionally, researchers who studied and addressed these issues will be now de-stigmatized. Their scientific works are expected to be more frequently highlighted. There is possibility for them to receive certain acknowledgments and become opinion-makers in this area. The Preliminary Assessment: Unidentified Aerial Phenomena report is a phenomena itself, which is going to become a trigger for follow-up acknowledgment of UAP in other countries besides the US. Consequently, a number of new reports provided by these countries within the next 2 years are expected to appear. All of the UAP-related reports, disclosures, and discoveries will be monitored and analyzed in our new overviews and case studies . The recent 9-page US Report apparently is only tip of the iceberg. Clearly, there is a sealed, fuller report which was presented to the Congress. The Report is aiming to provide means to define and elaborate on relevant policies and technologies for the U.S. military and other U.S. Government (USG) personnel. Due to the growing UAP recognition, data appearance and potential development of the area, SpaceTech Analytics presents a special case study Unidentified Aerial Phenomena Global Overview 2021. Preliminary Assessment: Unidentified Aerial Phenomena Unidentified Aerial Phenomena Global Overview 2021 UAP Global Overview and Statistics Source: Insider UAP Sightings by Year in USA, 2010-2019 There is a clear downward trend on UAP sightings in the United States, which may be caused by the development of entertainment technologies, making people spend less time outside. SpaceTech Analytics UAP Global Overview and Statistics Source: Medium World Map of Single or Group Sightings SpaceTech Analytics * - grouped by, but not limited to UAP Global Overview and Statistics SpaceTech Analytics Google Searches for UAP in the World, 2004-2021 Source: Google Trends Interest in UAPs has risen from a lull over the past years, with a peak occurring these days in response to newly released research "Preliminary Assessment: Unidentified Aerial Phenomena" by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence The chart to the right is a clear indication that the published review has increased attention to the UAPs worldwide. Obviously, the government's UAP program and the report have spawned a news cycle that has shot references about UAP back into the mainstream. Note: The numbers on this graph show the popularity of a search term relative to the high point on the graph for a particular region and time period. 100 is the peak popularity of a term. 50 means that the popularity of the term is half as high. UAP Global Overview and Statistics Source: Gallup SpaceTech Analytics A Gallup poll, made in 2019, found that 68% of Americans believe the government wasn't being completely clear about the UAPs. However, regardless of what Americans thought of the government's awareness of them, 86% of U.S. adults said they have heard of or read about unidentified aerial phenomena. That's why the publication of the Pentagon's research caused such a resonance worldwide. Does the U.S. government know more about UPAs/UFPs than it is telling? Do you hear or read about UAP/UFO? Preliminary Assessment by Office of The Director of National Intelligence - Report www.spacetech.global * - grouped by, but not limited to Preliminary Assessment: Unidentified Aerial Phenomena SpaceTech Analytics * - grouped by, but not limited to Source: The Office of the Director of National Intelligence * - grouped by, but not limited to Preliminary Assessment: Unidentified Aerial Phenomena SpaceTech Analytics * - grouped by, but not limited to* - grouped by, but not limited to Source: The Office of the Director of National Intelligence * - grouped by, but not limited to Preliminary Assessment: Unidentified Aerial Phenomena SpaceTech Analytics * - grouped by, but not limited to* - grouped by, but not limited to Source: The Office of the Director of National Intelligence * - grouped by, but not limited to Preliminary Assessment: Unidentified Aerial Phenomena SpaceTech Analytics * - grouped by, but not limited to* - grouped by, but not limited to Source: The Office of the Director of National Intelligence Policies and Conclusions www.spacetech.global Probably one of the most important takeaways of the report is the UAP recognition. Moreover, it states in the report that data gathering and analysis have been executing for 17 years straight. During this period, 144 unresolved UAP-related incidents were documented. One of the first question arises whether or not general public will be able to assess the data of such incidents, including the comments from governmental authorities. As was mentioned before, the recognition of the UAP will reshape the structure of the current opinion-makers, including scientists who have been studying such phenomena. This, in turn, might also affect the current R&D focus and existing policies of all types. The unclassified origin of this report brings some other issues, namely the report does not provide any solid or groundbreaking conclusions, and many issues remain, it should put an end to years of intragovernmental infighting over the subject. * - grouped by, but not limited to US Report Overview and Conclusions / UAP Recognition SpaceTech Analytics Deputy Secretary of Defense approved the establishment of an Unidentified Aerial Phenomena Task Force (UAPTF). UAPTF should detect, analyze and catalog UAPs that could potentially pose a threat to U.S. national security, improving the understanding of the nature and origins of UAPs. The proposal of the scientific study of UAPs, University of Colorado. The study of UAP was deemed to be not scientifically interesting. The most famous UAP encounters in modern aviation history involving pilot sightings, radar tracking, and objects caught on video remained The amount of data officially gathered is still quite limited, but it states in the report that some clusterization analysis was performed which showed the existence of observation patterns, at the same time, such observational correlations could be biased due to different reasons, as discussed in the It is clear now that there is no single explanation for all of the UAP-related reports. At the same time, ODNI proposes five categories of possible UAP sources: airborne clutter, natural atmospheric phenomena, USG or industry developmental programs, foreign adversary systems, other. Such classification may help in future data evaluation and analysis. Here is proposed the expanded classification, based on the international praxis. The assessment means proposed in the report will be deeply connected to the employment of artificial intelligence and machine-learning algorithms for additional clustering and recognition analysis. This technologies shall be applied to the historical data evaluation too. * - grouped by, but not limited to US Report Overview and Conclusions / Information Gathering SpaceTech Analytics UAP expanded classification categories Airborne Clutter Natural Atmospheric or Other Phenomena Human-related Phenomena Industry Developmental Programs Unclassified Governmental Technology Unclassified Private Technology As it was clearly stated in the report, there is an urgent need in additional financing of the UPA-related programas. As for now, Space-based Machine Automated Recognition Technique Program (SMART) and Creation of Operationally Realistic 3D Environment (CORE3D) could be treated as such programs. Another example of the potentially useful programs is Amon-Hen that worked on innovative, low-cost approaches for passive, ground-based interferometric imaging of GEO satellites. Such programs are mainly related to the activity of Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA). In case of additional financial support, it is forecasted that more entities of such nature will emerge since it is important to consolidate the process of data gathering and data evaluation. At the same time, the probability of such support is definitely high since, as it was mentioned in the report, UAP might pose threats not only to flight safety but also to the whole national security of the United States. This might also bring some additional support to the research laboratories and universities as R&D centers. Another question that arises is whether or not such support will affect educational system, bringing more opportunities for faculties. US Report Overview and Conclusions / Programs SpaceTech Analytics UAP recognition The report states that since 2004 there were at least 144 unresolved UPA-related incidents. Over that time period, such phenomena were being taken more seriously. The US government has publicly acknowledged that strange aerial sightings by Navy pilots and others are worthy of legitimate scrutiny. Although the report does not provide solid or groundbreaking conclusions, and many issues remain, it should put an end to years of intragovernmental infighting over the subject. The Need For Further R&D The report emphasizes the need to prioritize and guide future theoretical and observable studies. This relates, in particular, to non-radio "techno-signatures" that is, observable manifestations of technology, particularly those that could be detected through astronomical or other means. Considering the nature of UAPs, there is a need for a coherent explanation that will accommodate and connect all the facts of the events. For this purpose, interdisciplinary scientific investigation is necessary. The crucial point is to end frivolous speculation and develop a professional approach to studying the problem. It implies a need to expand the coordination between agencies, standardize the reporting, increase investment in research, etc. The approach should account for possible social and security threats as well as benefits. Unknown Nature of UAPs The stigma associated with reporting such phenomena has ended, and it is now officially recognized as very real. Moreover, the 5 potential UAP sources framework was proposed in the report. According to the title, this preliminary report is only the beginning of something much bigger. As we move forward from here, the consequences of further targeted research could have unpredictable and profound effects on our understanding of physics, with all that implies for science-fictional technology advancement, and of our place in the US Report Summary SpaceTech Analytics US Policy and Agencies / Agencies Involved in Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) Monitoring Department of Defense Unidentified Aerial Phenomena Task Force The mission of the task force is to detect, analyze and catalog UAPs that could potentially pose a threat to US national security. As DOD has stated previously, the safety of personnel and the security of operations are of paramount concern. The Department of Defense and the military departments take any incursions by unauthorized aircraft into training ranges or designated airspace very seriously and examine each report. This includes intrusion checks, which are initially reported as a UAP, where the observer cannot immediately determine what is being observed. Office of the Director of National Intelligence Congressional Intelligence and Armed Services Committees NavyNavy/ONIDARPAFAA NIM-Emerging and Disruptive Technology National Counterintelligence and Security Center National Intelligence Council SpaceTech Analytics US Policy and Agencies / US Policy Agenda: Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) Standardize the Reporting Coordination between Expand Data Collection Increase Investment in Sole Responsibility of the Deepen the Analysis Potential National Security Challenges Possible Foreign Systems Lack of Coordination between Ongoing Civil Airspace Lack of Legal Basis Overall Lack of Data UAPs pose a safety hazard to flights and may pose a broader threat if, in some cases, they represent sophisticated fundraising against US military activities by a foreign government or demonstrate disruptive aerospace technology to a potential adversary. The UAPTF indicated that additional research and development funding could contribute to further exploration of the topics outlined in this report. Such investments should be governed by the UAP Collection Strategy, the UAP R&D Technical Roadmap and the UAP Program Plan. The long-term goal of the UAPTF is to expand its scope to include additional UAP events documented by a wider range of US government personnel and technical systems. As the dataset grows, the UAPTF's ability to use data analytics to identify trends also improves. Most of the UAP data comes from US Navy reports, but efforts are underway to standardize incident reporting across the US military and other government agencies to ensure that all relevant data is collected in relation to specific incidents and any US action that may be relevant. The UAPTF is currently working on receiving additional reports, including from the United States Air Force (USAF), and has begun receiving data from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The UAPTF is looking for new ways to increase the collection of UAP clustered areas when US forces are not present, as a way to determine basic standard UAP activity and reduce data collection bias. One suggestion is to use advanced algorithms to search for historical data captured and stored by radars. The UAPTF also plans to update its current inter-agency UAP collection strategy to leverage appropriate DoD and IC collection platforms and methods. SpaceTech Analytics Investigational Programs & International UAP Cases www.spacetech.global * - grouped by, but not limited to Investigational programs SpaceTech Analytics In January of 2021 IARPA announced the launch of the Space-based Machine Automated Recognition Technique Program (SMART). The goal of this program is to automate the quantitative analysis of space-based imagery to perform a broad-area search for natural and anthropogenic events and characterize their extent and progression in time and space. The SMART program aims to develop capabilities in the spectral and temporal domains, enabling seamless integration and fusion (i.e. absolute calibration) of data from multiple sensors to deliver a comprehensive representation of seven natural or anthropogenic evolving events. The SMART program may help with the limited data problem, which leaves most UAP unexplained. However, it will require innovations in new computing approaches and calibration techniques in order to rapidly and reliably compare thousands of images from multiple sensors registered in space and time. The SMART program will also leverage algorithmic approaches to: Search for specific activities Detect and monitor activities throughout time and over broad areas Characterize the progression of events and activities temporally and categorically At the same time it is important to understand that SMART program isnt created specifically for the UPA-related purposes, therefore we forecast the emergence of the additional strictly UAP-focused programs akin to SMART in order to evaluate all existing information in a standardized manner. Investigational programs SpaceTech Analytics Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA) plays a critical roles in the UAP-related assessment system. IARPA was founded in 2006 as an organization within the Office of the Director of National Intelligence responsible for leading research to overcome complex challenges relevant to the United States Intelligence Community. Its main goal is to envision and lead high-risk, high-payoff research that delivers innovative technology for future overwhelming intelligence advantage". IARPA invests in multi-year research programs, in which academic and industry teams compete to solve a well-defined set of technical problems, regularly scored on a shared set of metrics and milestones. Currently for now, one of the big projects executing by IARPA is Creation of Operationally Realistic 3D Environment (CORE3D). The CORE3D program aims to develop technology that generates, in an automated way, accurate 3D object models with real physical properties, from multiple data sources including commercial satellite panchromatic and multi-spectral imagery for global coverage, and airborne imagery and Geographic Information System (GIS) vector data for improved resolution and fidelity. * - grouped by, but not limited to Investigational programs SpaceTech Analytics On the other hand, UAP-unrelated investigational programs play significant role in the process of the UAP analysis since they provide additional information about the atmospheric or other physical process on other planets. Such information, in turn, might help us to understand our own geophysical phenomena. These programs can also provide additional means for