1. 0..\ TE Tl,we GROUP 2. L OCATION l . SOURCE to. CC'NCLUSIO N ... t-4U'-'clcR a~ 03J!CTS LENGT H 011 03$!RVATIOH 11. 3iU !Eft SU)IIM4RY AND AN~LYSIS TYP~ OF .)3ScRVATION 9. PHYSICAL EVIO!~C2 OrJe. (1) he. A IJUG lroject Blue Book Infor~ation u~:icer Eq LS!~"' -JAF-OIPB a i or 1.Laston I f0el var ~rateful foe your !uvor of Livinb n1e a reply, d:il.t~c. 1.:arc't 2).cd, to tn:, let r ul' I at<;h 2 r.(.... lJ[J4 . I ulso ...LC'.no.J.LerJge L'ec;: .;; oi' t\O ~hotot..rurltic p!i~ts encloseu, one beinc5 your du~l ation rf the rnoto I uent ., -~c....~.r1in;O yot:.r po~nt 1 : I <...ia not .1..1nt tv burden you vd th the :'..tll :;to:::-y of ~!.e Sl'e-'fi.eld sic.htin._, bt.:.t it i.:::; on recotd tn-:1-: ~.r .. e boy, ,.,.=.::J helu J.'O!' "1uetotionint.:. by tr.e .dr i~in.: -,J..ry, Lor.~..!.or:.. the .Xc ~2_nire .fost tL..it :..trre:u:e,ed tll~ trip t'J L :)nr:o!'l . .'or the CO'J end t:i3 r'.:1t.ner in oraer to ;:-;r.o.l the photo- cr..:.-p:: ..J.C:~ tell -:~e stor.~ to tr.-e ,;\.ic i .. ir.i.Jt.cy. ici:.:.t n ... ppen~< . tc.ere .. :.....~ :o:!.d by the Yc1: -:;;;hire Pest , the Jhel'1ield .i'ele_.t'..:tph ..1uc. so!:1e to::.~o:1 poJ.per, fro:: -;~i<;'!. a b!'itf t.tccotAnt .ws trln3!::ittctl to ~;:. ::>:;~::_.:;~ :J.::.ily . T1te:-e iJ ulso u ::l'.l[,3Zine , r.e l!'lyin~ Jaucer J{~;:vieN ...,~ cot<.roe, t::e.:-e iVr' lHo '" .. he coc.ments to be h<.1d ~ro:n the :~ir ?oat ~i.ov 1, 1)62) "a letter .i.'l'Om th'i:! Ai.r r.inist.cy <le,,cribes unicentified f lyinc..; object B :.;een over ..i'tefficld laot Lat'ch U:J probably rer'lected ice purti cle::J ! ~:uch 4 \las overcust, :ri. til snow unJ so~e sun and ice particles in the utnospbaEe, it iJ LuinteJ out. In the Sheffield area ar.10ke und ho.ze were !'resent and,uener:lly, clot:.i .:orr:ations ai; various ultitudes were r.:any and v:1rierl. Ioc~:ets of .Hl.:':l air risin6 .from the city woul d nave c:1used tec:perature inve.:-aioc.s. Unu~r :!lese con'i tions, reflected a n d refracted l i,:.S!lt c~n c se peculier ~ffects in tne sky. It ia ~v~sible tn~t iJ a~t=:::~-~5. the utte~:ion of ..... and hio friends ard 'tnat the pt:oto- trap~ _s af effects of t:1is kind. It i o uloo u J'uaaibility th~t the p~o-~ -e;~ of the flyin~ objects ia tt1e rest.:.lt of &n icpe:fcct expc ... .;.::. ~u t.JU!l U!), the photo.:..r<J.ph c:..n be explained in r:~J:::!dnc ~cr~J :~.does not mean t~at so-c~llud uricentitied o~jccts oust h~ve b:on over Silel'l'ield ~t the time it 'l:..t~ ta':en". n~li.s ',/'_.9 I t.l'OOrted to be l;r~.; e~<nlar~utions /1 ich, if ir!.t'J.!'~bt ;Jt;ll.:.ii.:> t.:;, Lltl ~O\..i.bLI3Cll,y UOI..lcl in Lhis !:Jutter of tt1e Air . i!"'i; try, t-IEAO QUAHi ~HS FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY DIVISION AIR FOPCE SYSTE'"S COMMAND UNITCO :lTATL .. AI~ II'O'lC:I; WRICH f AT Tf:~"'ON AIJ< FOJ!C UA'JI", .,HIO ~u H .. r : F-ropoa-=d Reply 1 . A J.e l.ry in replying to your letter of 2 tlarch 1964 "'as due to '0!"0duction of the photograoh you aubmi tted. \/e cnn assure you 1\t there is no eridence whatso~ver of interpla'1etary space veh les visiting our planet. It is because of your scientific e.tt.!. :.ude t!lat Doctors Hynek and ~lenzel, as well as other agencies c0.3mU31ca~e ~i~h you the subject of unldentlfl~d flying objects. !f these objects e--e to be studied scientifically then only coli qo facts, such ~3 photographs, mat~rial fr~6ments and so on c~n accepted as ev!i~nce. All personal interpretations and opin- i on3 !!.re j'.lzt that, a~:i az such are not acceptable as fact. S?ft :S ond other spa-~ surveillance agencies a r e quite capable of pic~.!. U'O ~eteora do so frequently. Is it rot strange th~t 1~ f r.g 3~u~:rs ve=e ~n existence that they would not also be detected by this elect~onic equipment? Also, astronomers and astro- phys.: ists for years c~re been scanrling end photographing the skys and ~P~ifying portio~s ~hat they wish to study many times over. n~ tl~e h~s any e~-~ence been detected which would show any evi- d~nce o~ life ln a~y form visiting earth from outside ou~ own planet. 3. In regard to para6=aph 2 of your l etter. Slghtings from close r~n~e, ouch a s you rnen~ioned, are interesting and undoubtedly the ..n. t~es3 Qt" witnesses ~t~e reporting '.Jhat they believe has happened. rr~ny :~po~s of close ~ange aightings are in the AF files and the Air ::o:-c~ cAnJlOt e:xolain these reports. Again, these are repo:-ts of .:~a":. :-"O!>le tbou;;..'lt -:hey saw. They are the opinions and inter- pre~a ons of th~ obse~ers. ~. !3 to whether a sighting ls a CLOSS RPJUS sighting or not i..; C!'.l""s-::..:i~s.blc. 'fner~ n:-e many M3.DY cases of Star/PlAnet obser-~a tio~3 =e?o:-t~d as clo~e rerg~ sightings. 'rhis point is cade clear in the cPse. This cus~ io doubtedly consiucred a rlOC.P rang~ sighting since he rcport~d the obJect ao attacking his a.ntomobile and b~siegin& the fPrmhous~ \lith suc..:h hostility t.hat th~"~ loc:ll Sheriff' ~as called in, o.nd yet investigation ::;ho",..~d that without doubt the object "\{'1.3 the pl:.1.net Jupiter. Your noint of inf~rence ns to the rPa1ity of an u:Lmo.m oujec r;. is wt:ll i.flken. '!he Air rorc~ h..,~ never denied that t!h~z.e obj ~c ::::; are real a."'ld indeed they ar ... real objE:!cts or phenomenon that t!:e o'oservers have been unable to identify or understand. ~. i. "'-Y I remind you that t.h~ burden of p.:oof does not lie ":'"":.h -he .C.ir Force or a serious investigator, such no yourself, t o "')'!'O't.:> tha t ''Flying Saucera ., do not exiot. Proof th:lt they do ex: li~s with those who 'liTGH them t o cAlst . Unti.l s uch time a!J .:a:::oae ha s proof that they do t!xist, flying s~ucers are und z::~'.t_J o"' consid~red only as some phenomenon \lhich we do not u~:~=stand or cannot explain on the d~ta pre~ented. Until such ~ ~i::1~ n::> proof exists intez::>lanetary S;Jace vehicles under intelli- g~n~ ~ontrol cannot be accepted as a fact. ~-~e~in the poi~t of dictance and 3izes, etc is r~lative and the estlon ot clo3e 6e, unless specifical1y measQred, is an 0"')!.::-:.!.o.n of the ~.n r:1ess zmd may or rnay not. be accurate. c . ~e report f~n~ Fritch, Texas is a n illustration for the c of marks on the ;~und oth~r tnan a s o called flying saucer. :.!;y : restate here t'h3.-; in no case has any physic:1l evidence of v. , r ~-~vPr been es-~o~-hed 4 . Co~.; i :lering the '~.:::r.::1on characteristics" of c1.ses which are uni.:.:n~Li.'i.ed and thu3 ?..ssuming a qua.lltive proof of th e reality of ~' cno~ flying objec~, would certainly not result in a con- clo.:.sion of validit y o= reliability. Many of these "co::amon char- oct~="...:; t lcs'' of the so called flying oaucers are 'Present in cases ~nt~ ~irm evalua tions of aircraft, b~lloons and Stars or Planets. 5 ~lo ~ositive evaluation of the photograph you s~nt to us can .d.e 'nthout tile n::sative. It i s possib that the 1mages a r e real , hovev er, tne spots o~ ~n:: ?~int o.re s :a~ tomose o n otn~r prin~s wnich hav~ been a ! ec to eit~er ~laws i n the negative, a flaw in tne fi~ it3""::'. -:uloion snc-:s o n Lhe negative or poor n'!'loto p:-ocesslng. b . In reading the reportt!d situati on during which the photo- graph lrdS taken several q_ues tion~ble points were raised. 1) We do not wish to question the jntegrity of the boy tho.t took the picture. However, it ls not probable that the Air Ill n lstry would hold a youth o.f 14 for questioning. If he ...,ere estion~d regarding the photo~aph, it would more likely have occurred at the location whe~he photograph was talten. ( 2) The statement by lIr/i filh1\~ "'f~17 f!Je was no fault or tP~e~ing with the negative i n no way offers an explanation a~ to the ce.use of the printed itnages . ( 3) Certainly neither the Air Hinistry nor any photographic exp woulJ offer ice particles as an explanation for the cause of the .L":l!i6~s. ( 4) Photographic experts viewed the negatives and could flnd ~o :aul~ or decep~ion. Here again they offer no explo.nation r o r t:.es~ :~ages rnerelJ stating that there is no :fault or tampering v l th ";Oe ne3o.'ti ve. Ho" photographic "experts., '-'Ould fnil to af'f er one o~ more the posstb:~ causes o images on this print is not unde~s ,dable, unless o~ course their statements are belng quoted out o~ context, with 'th~ possible/probable causes being omitted e.nd SW!.t~6 only that 'tt~ negative cho"'ed no indication of "tampering". ~ app~eciate you~ O?inions and your interest in the United Sta'tc:s Air Force posi-cion regarding unidentified flying objects. returning your p~otograph and three duplicate copies. S:!.nca!'ely, ror..a:na 12 reject Blue Dock IniormQtlcn OC;lcer Hq USA!!' ( SAF-OIPB) The .Pe h tei on tl.to h i ngto n 25, DC De . .lr Sir: I t!H!nk you very Lluch for .;~n~.:inb f.le J-Our latc.:.t in..:orn. ... u;ion ..:~hee-:3 r..~n UFOs. Upon readi_ng them .md uron reading rrof. ~ enzols lc:~. \;-33-: L..::"O-book I feel th9. t I have .1aJ te<;l lot of' tl:ne in tryi n_; to .. ne case .for the U iOs, their Ieali ty and t~1~ ..:.r i :1 t ~r! .J...lnetar .Y ori_:..:-. I crec.it :t~3elf .;ich a scientific atti-:;ude i.r.. t'J..Y lor_t;. ..;t1.1 .... ies o.f ~ .e .suuc~r ever..ts. 1 o not. ir..iul5e i n .1ish.Lul t:.ink.in~. I c.:.o not Hl:.-; ';:> be deluC.ed. Thcre.ro ~e, I f~el VP.r:/ ::1uch shu:<.en in :".y . :o:ne: I Lc.!.:. .;::: in t:1e sauce:-s c.nd I aa..1 readJ to si ve it up ..ilto.::.e t,n~r, ,Jf:!rc it ._ot ~or ~oce iir. ering ~oubts as to t.1e non-exit.tence o~ t1e 3.:.tuc~rs 1 . :'ou rat~ a~ e:idP.nco/1!~L~ h~r6., colu ocier-.~i.fic .fact~ ";hut t.he as tro~OL'lers and t.r.e physicia to '.Vant, _g~nti.!u ti ve evidence, rl~a~ure mentJ, f. . otos t.tlO.Ii:-: d~tuils, ... wtcrio.l r'ru:._.-tents etc. Jpnctro:-;copi.c ~nSlj3iS f the li ~tS 1 Of II t!Je e;..~{;.::sJlaped b~llSO.f fire" r:l.'dj U9 re- VCJliag , it mc:.y so2.ve t11. :thol\: problem. :.lht! Sl>J\D.:\T could urh:::p::~ l1elp to get addi tior!al dat:.1, Vt,;.:J r . uch r'<.; c<.lcd.. 2 . Tiut th~re ~J also gu~lit~tive evidence to be ccn3lerod. :'a~: a .. he clo3e-ra.~.:.~ c.1::;es, object~ hoveri c:~ near t:1e cround or ::.~:-. .:.::~on it tit~ 0::-1'/it.:-.out little creutwes arour..J it .. :ere 1 l1!.l.i<e a ::; .. ..:.=p ~lstincticc. ":"et.veen n-re sit.:htinb reports ... nd the super- s~it_ ~s t~les ~bo t~l~s a~a rides ln a ~a~cer. Tnere is ~r1 ree- :-e:1t .:.n c..et<1ils c.;o.:-.cernic. rl:fortecl sna.pe, li.dnoevrE::s, the til tin6 t..!~-.: _:..utterin .; of t .e OJject .:hen l.1al(int... t'ie sho.rp.:t turn: tho r..,.dia- tior.J, t .. e soundl~..ssr:.;ss, the c.:.raue.ht, the .ltdt:in_ ..;ound ,,hen takin o . :f .::-o:J t!le ._rouc'i , the ucr it:: ~GJell .fro ::t ..! l:..~.":led. .;aucer ar.J even the o-:asur e s of t::e d11arf3. People i r 'J.i.i'ferer.t co~..-ntrie::J, unh.a o . .,n to e a~h o t.1er, un: :.:-.ili ur .1i th s ... ucar 2-ore, .t,._ve r~. or teu such ue tails :~i.:> .,, Jttld le:ld one to maree un inf~.L&r.ce us to th~ r ~.:::'li_!y of t .e ..:.:'..k!':o.m object. '.'ne q.te3tion or' their oriJin ray be 3ubject to u ..... -::>::.~3is. :~ t:1-: !:iic:h~ings of the "little men" c..1r~not bP. .'iJ- pro, , "C ey may ::J'\;.!'ent... then the hypothe.-liu .... ~ :.:.e:c .tuir. t is t11L1t the cloae-:c:.1n~e cuseu o.fi'~.r V!.!':.'j little a~ r-: ..:.:i-'1~, art;u!n~nts to the sci !nti.;t3 o r t~ci.ni<.;_;_ tn3. :.!i o m;.a' lnul ~;.rro.:-i~ estimates p.f ::Jize, .o.Jition:.i etc., .. :/::.n~.-lc..J i.nt.o inui ni- fic:;tncc:: ju;;;t bee.~use of the J~lOrt di.;tsnce3 tnvolv1J . :E:-::z<Jl writes (p. '- ) : " ;\ uioloci.;t tr.,-inc. to i.C.cnti~y a roup by collactin~ all ~ussi ble in.t'orn~ cion ~bout t~. :ir '!rpeur..J.nce rvi vior" ... e cor.'lp:.:.Les tc.e ch::.r-tcterio Lico unu cl:...; Ji:i~:J. Thi~ is lo _ic<.tl ln .. 1..1.ct.i..on. Eat ur . A~zel uti Nell t!."! d.: ..!Ol'C0 .. o no I; ~ .. :.r,dn_ Shape.J iL.;torts ~:;l~ shape of' ~:~. <.;O,.l.lOn ob,jt'~et, ,, .ic l-:!'-C!~ Lo .llHit1tu ... -r"'t..t- ~l..,;o ll.:i?pen to <..:.n u.nlcuno,,n obJeCt i n t l!e :;;ldes ,su:.~r:osinr i.J!"\3 L rcul) A fe c oae-r~n~e casen r~ve een 1nv-J~1~a~ec ny n u L' ~orca and r.1arked U} Che ckG P.xcelle n tly ;:i th 0 thP.r CUG=S' II 2 n ; eat plu t t e rn , uval, pl~cr_d toLetltcn <.lull uluminu:n. color, smooth ourface" etc, Loch Havel}_ Dam case, Oct 31 l958,"l<:~r.::c fl:lt e. c , C.;.tl.' ,;"tO!JPCtc e , oruno" etc. C'he s:/eCli~h Gotl :.:.nd CJ.~.~, Au:.:. 5 , lJ57, o ;'.f.'ers a:uazin_ detJiln, Uu .. t still wore a~a~int.,chcckn co .-Jell lliLh _o.cait..n ca::;es, 'rl::.ere i::~ t-ne close-rc::.ne:,e , tt.eklifl'e-3u~rp turn, l:.t.E: tiltino t:tnu t.lu~ l'luttering, ht, t~at mude ripplPs on the calm s e~ Jurf~ce at~ c~de the ' tr~e fJ sway, tl!e ~isc ;arm, the upper purt sl!inin~ like ~tbinlu~J st.a::.: a.~.J. rotatin g , tae cherr y red lie..h:t ir: t t e lor1er ,:J~rt, tile s ... .:~a~.:i.ned ~ppea.r:ance, the u ot:.nulessne!:Js. h.ft..::r -cLe i1L'~t C.L'd.i't c.-~ ::t. ond. identical. Pailin un.;:ortl.!.t'H;ltelj -co ::tc.te all t tC de ilJ ~ sub=itted the caoe to II'Of. L,enz~l in lJ~b. ~e tno ht iL H.d ~ r.olicO!Jter . In 1962 I \/rote prot HJnek aoout it, tran~latin..:; 't ~ "J .'J;Lvle J tory. Ee sa.id he was puzzled a bout it a o was also the Air .~: orce, to t~hoo he turned over the case. You ha.v e the c:ls e . :'r!e S./a'.:.is1-! Defense Staff '.lt first uJt ..l 'f(~r;i brief r.:,t;ort. U[.">!'l ':lJ ._ct tine a true completed ret vrt froCl the 11i tnes se~, a colonel v i "':i t e:i Gotlar..d at:i rechecked tile re1.ort. ~fllt oz1ly difference r'ounu w.,s t~at !.he objects must h:.lv e been on a much lOi'ler altitude tnan e~::~ated by the witneas. ~here ~ere no planed up ut t'1at tir~e, !{} 22. Vi~ bility was i l, moonuhi~c. The robuut 1etailo rule out n~li- cor:t~rs, resed.rcr: oalloons, miza.:._es u.nd how could an ~stronomec, if pre~ac:t at t!lc eve:-::.t, claim meteors or planeto? Alti; , ... : e t.tr1J ''istunce PhotoLrap~ snclosea indly r~tur~ i't to ~e ~pon ucrutiny. 1 4 :, as out in t'he oact\:yurd of his ~o:.ae, 12 i oor Cre .ace: r. t , ut,, ne .::.e.Ld, .c.nland, uit.h t.-;c scbool:1ates. He .1act~d to t_.:e a. snap.;,~.ot (..:." !!is C:.o~ ui th an ordinury box cc n~ra. T(l(~ b o y:; oa.!eC. at i Pe st<.y ..:.nu sa.v five r eculi:ir objects. Alex r~i~ed !"!is c.J. .. era ... r.(: ::::n.:;rpe:.. L1ter .her-t:1c. fila w:;ts ~eveloped, everyrJo Cy .. as ~;:;.zed. :ic:O;;.:e .-,..s shown'[!t .;chcol. 3cnooltei:icher3 anC:. pare.ots v 0u~ o"i :'o!' ::'~ coy ' s Lor.e..;~y .J.b.Je~u~ntly .rtle..r :1nCJ. : i.; futher vi s i t e.J. t1e Air :..:.~3stry-; .l!v~re as held for questioning for t .vo ~ours. I:!! r . :-.. .'ihi te-hJ.:l tne print J.nu the negative cxaC'lined a.nu ~ 9.i.::. they cou:..:: rind no fc.ul t or t~ml)el'i ng ,Ji t!:l them. Later o n t'!c -.i~ :.i r..iGtry a x plained the object3 d~ bcin I'or:tation of ice- pur:i .:les, at.:.e tc the dust anu or:10ke c:!n.a C::l. te:npera ture invercion ave= .::. .. ~...'..:'ield. ',2,. o photo'-r~j.)hic experts 1:-riva~ely ~xamined t11e ne~..1::.e and c vulr.:. find no fat:.l t O!' l.!eceptlon. -I conr'J~.3 it i~ h~r! ;~ :r1ink of t~ese objects a~ bein~ ice p a r &i clc8, s l11ce they t~.~ve t '.; typica l sauce r s h a}'e .1i Lh a c..v:;"~e o n tLe top .. ~ny . o .J , it i3 a un~ ."'.; f lto to r aph tu:.J.t c rt .. inly t;ll.CJ.S to tne puzzle1.1ent; und .!is- c u.JsiOtlJ' .Jhich uoth you i::lnU I '/iOUld like to ;l:tVe ternin~ted. o_one ol! 00 auOO NI'O e :ne On U y J )":J .-OU .JU._:,:,eS e<.i t .. C:i ti e Otl.:'C..~ eters at tri bu ted to U.l!'O~ be cor celv. te3. .:1i ttl -cheo r e r.i c:1.l c n:..ruc tJl'is tics of spuce crC~.ft. Corlclu:;io!'ls re?.c~.aC. i n t 'lis m:,.r r .. o:!:' , <.! :1ulc.. c: ''t be ar.y L10re reliable t Lun t he t heory eav!..il':. i n..:, n ,!)..!Ce ve}Li c l e j iiuT. ~ll I wanteJ to brinJ out 1'l:!s 't.tl~ vuliv i ty o~ lo" ical i(l u c tion fro:r1 a list of si.~)1tin~:_.s, tha t ~:.nu,.ec. t:te cc.:nr.~on c!HH'dcteriotic s o _ t.1e objel.!ts, f:r;nce a qualitutivc fl'OOf oJ:' t ll e ~-=-aali-cy o.: 1n un.;r.o.vn in_, object . .it~t:: :;!-.!Ce U!JlCCt Ct.Ul ~ be l eft to tn-:: lCoLnad r:ifHl. cu.n.n~n"uJ I ~.o...,_lu ue vetJ r.:...t.PY t o .rec..:i.v~ Lt V"l. No C~se (Information Only) 4 March 1962 Sh~ffield, Bnglaud